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We found that: (1) Attention to SET originated in the US in the 1970s, spreading to German-speaking countries in the mid-1990s and continuing in China and Latin America in the early 2000s. (2) SET is commonly viewed as a control tool deserving methodological improvement, while bias is debated in the US. We also found local trajectories: (3) Whereas in the US and Latin America SET is primarily seen as a management tool, German-speaking and Chinese authors reflect more on improving teaching. Chinese scholars consider SET a valid instrument for state control associated with artificial intelligence. Also, (4) SET is commonly used in medical education in the US and the German-speaking region and in physical education in China.

Die Exzellenzinitiative war das am meisten beachtete Forschungsprogramm der letzten Jahrzehnte. Zwischen 2006 bis 2017 flossen 4,6 Milliarden Euro in die drei Förderlinien Graduiertenschulen, Exzellenzcluster und universitäre Zukunftskonzepte und somit in das deutsche Hochschulsystem. Die Programmziele waren ebenso hoch wie die Erwartungen, aber auch Befürchtungen. Doch was hat die Exzellenzinitiative am Ende bewirkt? Hat sie internationale Spitzenforschung hervorgebracht, den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs gefördert oder das deutsche Universitätssystem gespalten?

Repeated calls for responsible research metrics and professional codes of conduct in evaluative bibliometrics highlight the need to investigate which qualifications and competencies enable a proficient application of bibliometric methods and indicators. Taking competence research as a point of departure, this chapter delineates salient dimensions of professional competence in bibliometric research evaluation by reviewing a selected subset of the literature. The reviewed literature focuses on handbooks, monographs, and scholarly and practitioner articles that introduce theory and methodology of bibliometrics and showcase applications to scholars and practitioners mainly outside of the scientometric research community.

Der Lockdown im Frühjahr führte auch bei Professorinnen und Professoren zu einer stark veränderten Organisation von Arbeit und Privatleben – mit Auswirkungen auf ihre Publikationsproduktivität. In unserer Befragung berichteten Frauen häufiger als Männer, dass sie aufgrund der zusätzlichen Kinderbetreuung und einem erhöhten Zeitaufwand für die Online-Lehre weniger Artikel einreichen konnten. Die große Mehrheit der Befragten befürwortet, Kinder stärker bei der Beurteilung der wissenschaftlichen Produktivität zu berücksichtigen.

Sanctions for plagiarism, falsification and fabrication in research are primarily symbolic. This paper investigates sanctions for scientific misconduct and their preceding investigation processes as visible and legitimate symbols. Using three different data sources (retraction notices, expert interviews, and a survey of scientists), we show that sanctions for scientific misconduct operate within a cycle of visibility, in which sanctions are highly visible, while investigation and decision-making procedures remain mostly invisible. This corresponds to high levels of acceptance of sanctions in the scientific community, but a low acceptance of the respective authorities. Such a punitiveness in turn exacerbates confidentiality concerns, so that

This Intelligence Brief takes a closer look at students’ health. Compared to the overall population of the same age, students less often perceive their health as good or very good. Logistic regression analyses with German student data show strong and negative relations between financial difficulties and students’ health perception. Additionally, a cross-country comparison with EUROSTUDENT data consistently shows comparatively large shares of impaired students among those with financial difficulties. The findings indicate that policy makers should pay special attention to both impaired and financially challenged students in order to ensure their successful higher education participation and prevent negative societal effects of poor health.

We conduct an independent cluster validation study on published clustering solutions of a research testbed corpus, the Astro dataset of publication records from astronomy and astrophysics. We extend the dataset by collecting external validation data serving as proxies for the latent structure of the corpus. Specifically, we collect (1) grant funding information related to the publications, (2) data on topical special issues, (3) on specific journals’ internal topic classifications and (4) usage data from the main online bibliographic database of the discipline. The latter three types of data are newly introduced for the purpose of clustering validation and the rationale for using them for this task is set out.